Molecular Cloning, Tissue Distribution, and Pharmacological Characterization of GPR84 in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon Idella)

The G-protein-coupled receptor GPR84, activated by medium-chain fatty acids, primarily expressed in macrophages and microglia, is involved inflammatory responses retinal development mammals amphibians. However, our understanding of its structure, function, tissue expression, signaling pathways fish limited. In this study, we cloned characterized the coding sequence GPR84 (ciGPR84) grass carp. A phylogenetic analysis revealed close relationship with bony fishes. High expression levels were observed liver spleen. transfection HEK293T cells ciGPR84 demonstrated responsiveness to acids diindolylmethane (DIM). Capric acid, undecanoic lauric acid ERK inhibited cAMP signaling. Lauric showed highest efficiency activating pathway, while capric was most effective inhibiting Notably, DIM did not activate carp, unlike mammals. These findings provide valuable insights for mitigating chronic inflammation carp farming warrant further exploration role regulation species.